Linguistics
Wednesday, December 7th, 2005 12:09 am"Good afternoon, Mr Sheppard," Daniel says. "Are you going to be the only one turning up to class again today? I've got your grade for your midterm; it's [[appropriate grade for the work you turned in]]"
"Okay. Theoretical linguistics is often divided into a number of separate areas, to be studied more or less independently. The following divisions are currently widely acknowledged:
Phonetics, the study of the different sounds that are employed across all human languages
Phonology(or phonemics), the study of patterns of a language's basic sounds
Morphology, the study of the internal structure of words
Syntax, the study of how words combine to form grammatical sentences
Semantics, the study of the meaning of words (lexical semantics), and how these combine to form the meanings of sentences
Pragmatics, the study of how utterances are used (literally, figuratively, or otherwise) in communicative acts
Historical linguistics, the study of languages whose historical relations are recognizable through similarities in vocabulary, word formation, and syntax
Linguistic typology, the study of the grammatical features that are employed across all human languages
Stylistics, the study of style in languages
Discourse analysis, the study of sentences organised into texts
The independent significance of each of these areas is not universally acknowledged, however, and nearly all linguists would agree that the divisions overlap considerably. Nevertheless, each area has core concepts that foster significant scholarly inquiry and research.
"Last week's homework on my desk, please. For tonight, I want a hundred words on phonetics and phonology for Thursday's class."
"Okay. Theoretical linguistics is often divided into a number of separate areas, to be studied more or less independently. The following divisions are currently widely acknowledged:
Phonetics, the study of the different sounds that are employed across all human languages
Phonology(or phonemics), the study of patterns of a language's basic sounds
Morphology, the study of the internal structure of words
Syntax, the study of how words combine to form grammatical sentences
Semantics, the study of the meaning of words (lexical semantics), and how these combine to form the meanings of sentences
Pragmatics, the study of how utterances are used (literally, figuratively, or otherwise) in communicative acts
Historical linguistics, the study of languages whose historical relations are recognizable through similarities in vocabulary, word formation, and syntax
Linguistic typology, the study of the grammatical features that are employed across all human languages
Stylistics, the study of style in languages
Discourse analysis, the study of sentences organised into texts
The independent significance of each of these areas is not universally acknowledged, however, and nearly all linguists would agree that the divisions overlap considerably. Nevertheless, each area has core concepts that foster significant scholarly inquiry and research.
"Last week's homework on my desk, please. For tonight, I want a hundred words on phonetics and phonology for Thursday's class."