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fandomhigh2006-02-27 05:32 pm
the-ascended.livejournal.com) wrote in fandomhigh2006-02-27 05:32 pm
Entry tags:
Anthropology, 6th Period
Daniel is looking a bit tired this morning. It doesn't look like he slept well this weekend.
"First thing first, I'm afraid, is a test on the genetics words I set you last lesson."
He pulled down the whiteboard to reveal the list:
Recessive
Alleles
F1 generation
Phenotype
Sex-linked.
Law of segregation
Trait
"Right, with that finished with, we're going to be looking at heredity.
Researchers have identified over 13,000 genetically inherited human traits. More than 5,000 of them are diseases or other abnormalities.
We're going to be looking at eye-color. However, keep it in mind that this is simplified. We're looking at it as a two-gene system, when it's actually a complicated polygenic system. I want you to look this handout
To get a better idea of how it all works, we're going to be using this Eye Color Calculator. Now, as I fill it in: I have blue eyes, and so did both of my parents. Now, um, my, um mate has brown eyes and her parents had brown and green eyes. So, I've filled that in, click calculate, and there we have it. There's a fifty-percent chance of the baby having brown eyes, a 20.8% of blue and a 29.1% chance of green eyes."
Daniel was clearly lost in thought for a moment before snapping out of it. "Okay, try it for yourself, using your parent's, or your own eye-color or what ever you like. You can also change the allele frequency, so see how that affects the percentage."
"Okay, for homework, I'd like for you to look at genetic diseases. There can be:
Autosomal recessive
Autosomal dominant
X-linked recessive
X-linked dominant.
I'd like for you to explain what each of them are, and to also give me an example for each. Thank you and I'll see you next lesson."
"First thing first, I'm afraid, is a test on the genetics words I set you last lesson."
He pulled down the whiteboard to reveal the list:
Recessive
Alleles
F1 generation
Phenotype
Sex-linked.
Law of segregation
Trait
"Right, with that finished with, we're going to be looking at heredity.
Researchers have identified over 13,000 genetically inherited human traits. More than 5,000 of them are diseases or other abnormalities.
We're going to be looking at eye-color. However, keep it in mind that this is simplified. We're looking at it as a two-gene system, when it's actually a complicated polygenic system. I want you to look this handout
To get a better idea of how it all works, we're going to be using this Eye Color Calculator. Now, as I fill it in: I have blue eyes, and so did both of my parents. Now, um, my, um mate has brown eyes and her parents had brown and green eyes. So, I've filled that in, click calculate, and there we have it. There's a fifty-percent chance of the baby having brown eyes, a 20.8% of blue and a 29.1% chance of green eyes."
Daniel was clearly lost in thought for a moment before snapping out of it. "Okay, try it for yourself, using your parent's, or your own eye-color or what ever you like. You can also change the allele frequency, so see how that affects the percentage."
"Okay, for homework, I'd like for you to look at genetic diseases. There can be:
Autosomal recessive
Autosomal dominant
X-linked recessive
X-linked dominant.
I'd like for you to explain what each of them are, and to also give me an example for each. Thank you and I'll see you next lesson."
Sign in (02/27)
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Re: Sign in (02/27)
Re: Sign in (02/27)
Genetics vocab test
Re: Genetics vocab test
Recessive — trait of an organism that can be masked by the dominant form of a trait
Allele — alternative forms of a gene for each variation of a trait of an organism
F1 generation - Offspring of a cross between true breeding plants, homozygous for the trait of interest
Phenotype — outward appearance of an organism, regardless of its genes
sex-linked - A gene coded on a sex chromosome, such as the X-chromosome linked genes of flies and man.
Law of segregation — Mendelian principal explaining that because each plant has two different alleles, it can produce two different types of gametes. During fertilization, male and female gametes randomly pair to produce four combinations of allele
Trait — characteristic that is inherited; can be either dominant or recessive
Re: Genetics vocab test
Or her mun does this for a living.Recessive: In a population that is polyallelic for a given locus, one or more allele may be masked or over-ridden by the presence of a dominant allele. In the simplest system, diallelic with complete dominance, allele A is dominant to allele a, hence the homozygous dominant AA and the heterozygous Aa will have identical phenotypes while the homozygous recessive aa will exhibit a different phenotype. Recessivity is not indicative of prevalence or allele frequency.
Alleles: A form of a gene. Prior to the 1980's, determination of alleles was performed by allozyme electrophoresis; however, this technique operates at the amino acid level and does not resolve differences at the DNA level. DNA sequencing now indicates that there are far more alleles for any given locus than previously expected, on account of codon degeneracy.
F1 generation: The first generation of offsping produced by cross-bred parents. If the parental genotypes for a locus are known, then the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring should occur in a specific set of ratios. If the parental types are unknown, some information about them can be deduced by the resulting phenotypes of the F1 generation, assuming perfect viability and survivability of the entire F1 generation.
Phenotype: The outward observable trait produced by a genotype. A known genotype will almost always produce an expected phenotype (environment can play a factor), however genotype cannot always be deduced from an observed phenotype due to dominance.
Sex-linked: A gene that is carried on the sex chromosomes. As these chromosomes are unequal, a gene located on one of these may not always have a corresponding gene on the other sex chromosome.
Law of segregation: Mendel stated that alleles sort independently and are inherited independently. Since one allele is inherited from each parent, each one of these can be independently segregated in the gametes to create two different gametes in respect to that allele. This actually isn't that true outside of simple systems and simple traits that are controlled by a single locus. Many genes are linked and do not sort independently.
Trait: An inherited characteristic.
Eye colors
Re: Eye colors
Re: Eye colors
After class
OOC