fandomhigh | US History (Monday, January 23, 7th period)

Josh was looking a little cranky today. Could have something to do with the announcements Principal Smith had made about a certain old colleague of his.

"Okay, last week we talked about Massachusetts and Virginia. Today, we're going to blow through all of the history that happened before the Revolutionary war. That's right. 150 years of history in an hour. Prepare to take notes."

Josh then gave a very terse rundown of life in colonial America, lacking much of his normal snarky humor.

He looked up. "Okay, you now have thirteen colonies to choose from--where would you live now? Bonus points if you say Connecticut or New Hampshire, but only if you can back it up with reasons other than 'because the teacher told me I'd get bonus points.'"

He sat down at his desk. "Homework for the day is to give me at least a hundred words ~~from Wiki~~ about the French and Indian War. That war'll be very important as we talk about the Revolution, so be sure to look for any names that seem familiar." He raised an eyebrow. "A hint for you out-of-towners: Washington DC was named for the Washington who first shows up in the French and Indian War."

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The French and Indian War. It's fascinating. Prove it to me.

The conflict is popularly referred to as the French and Indian War in the United States, as it is seen from the perspective of British American forces fighting against French forces and their Algonquin and Huron allies in North America. (British and British American forces had allied with the Iroquois.) In Britain and Canada, the designation French and Indian War is nearly unknown: English Canadians and the British typically refer to the war as the Seven Years' War (1756–1763), dating the war not from the start of actual fighting in North America, but rather from the official declaration of war in Europe. French Canadians refer to it both as la Guerre de sept ans and the Guerre de la conquête (War of the Conquest), since it is the war in which Canada was conquered by the British and became part of the British Empire. In Britain, it is simply regarded as the most important theatre of the Seven Years' War.

The Battle of Fort Niagara was one of the final battles in the French and Indian War.. After a 20-day siege, a British army under Brigadier General John Prideaux forced the surrender of Fort Niagara from the French on July 26, 1759.

The British attack on Fort Niagara was part of a campaign to remove French fortifications from the Great Lakes and Ohio Valley regions. General Prideaux arrived at Fort Niagara on July 6. Captain Pouchot directed a vigorous defence that claimed General Prideaux's life several days into the siege. Command of the British army fell to Sir William Johnson.

The Battle of Carillon was fought at Fort Carillon (later known as Fort Ticonderoga), on the shore of Lake Champlain in what was then the British colony of New York, July 7-July 8, 1758 during the French and Indian War, and resulted in a victory of the French garrison under Louis-Joseph de Montcalm and the Chevalier de Levis, against the overwhelmingly superior numbers of the British attackers under General James Abercrombie.

Some military historians have cited the Battle of Carillon as a classic example of tactical military incompetence. Abercrombie has been criticized for ignoring several good military options such as flanking the breastworks, waiting for artillery reinforcements, or bypassing the fort entirely. Instead he decided in favor of an unsuccessful frontal assault.

The fall of French dominion in Canada and the West left the Algonquin Indians unprotected. The many tribes had lived in harmony with the French, and had been their faithful allies. But now things were different. The French had treated them as equals and brethren; but the English never went out of their way to conciliate them. The French had lavished presents upon them, but the English doled out bare essentials sparingly.

A conspiracy was soon formed to massacre all the English garrisons and settlers along the frontiers of Virginia, Pennsylvania, and the regions of the Great Lakes. The leader of this great movement was Chief Pontiac. Pontiac visited many of the tribes and won them by his extraordinary eloquence. To others he sent messengers, each bearing a wampum belt and a red-stained hatchet. Almost every tribe of the great Algonquin family, and one tribe of the Six Nations, the Senecas, joined in this conspiracy. So adroitly was the plot managed that the attack was made almost simultaneously in all parts, and every English post fell into the hands of the savages except three, -- Detroit, Fort Pitt, and Niagara.

The Battle of Sainte-Foy, sometimes called the Battle of Quebec (1760), was fought on April 28, 1760 in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada during the French and Indian War. It was a victory for the French under the Chevalier de Lévis over the British army under General Murray.

Murray felt that his army was too small to defend adequately the walls of Quebec, which had not been improved much since the fall. He therefore moved some 3,800 men into the field, all he could muster, along with over twenty cannons. The battle turned into a two-hour fight at close range.

The British army lost over one thousand, killed and wounded (three-quarters of the officers of the Fraser Highlanders were killed or wounded) and the French almost nine hundred casualties, making the Battle of Sainte-Foy one of the bloodiest engagements ever fought on Canadian soil.

US History (Monday, January 23, 7th period)

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